9.10.20
Hello Friends,
Thanks for checking in and following my ongoing Myeloma cancer blog, which I began June 2010, to document my "summer vacation" at City of Hope Hospital for my Autologous Stem Cell Transplant. I hope you enjoy my candid musings and treatment status updates. Please comment so I know you've stopped by! Look for my 2021 status updates on the 1's, but I'll surprise you and post in-between :)) Thanks for reading, caring and commenting!
9.10.20
Hello Friends,
Cancer starts when cells in the body begin to grow out of control. Cells in nearly any part of the body can become cancer, and can spread to other areas of the body. To learn more about how cancers start and spread, see What Is Cancer?
Multiple myeloma is a cancer formed by malignant plasma cells. Normal plasma cells are found in the bone marrow and are an important part of the immune system.
The immune system is made up of several types of cells that work together to fight infections and other diseases. Lymphocytes (lymph cells) are the main cell type of the immune system. The major types of lymphocytes are T cells and B cells.
When B cells respond to an infection, they mature and change into plasma cells. Plasma cells make the antibodies (also called immunoglobulins) that help the body attack and kill germs. Lymphocytes are in many areas of the body, such as lymph nodes, the bone marrow, the intestines, and the bloodstream. Plasma cells, however, are mainly found in the bone marrow. Bone marrow is the soft tissue inside some hollow bones. In addition to plasma cells, normal bone marrow has cells that make the different normal blood cells.
When plasma cells become cancerous and grow out of control, they can produce a tumor called a plasmacytoma. These tumors generally develop in a bone, but they are also rarely found in other tissues. If someone has only a single plasma cell tumor, the disease is called an isolated (or solitary) plasmacytoma. If someone has more than one plasmacytoma, they have multiple myeloma.
Multiple myeloma is characterized by several features, including:
In multiple myeloma, the overgrowth of plasma cells in the bone marrow can crowd out normal blood-forming cells, leading to low blood counts. This can cause anemia – a shortage of red blood cells. People with anemia become pale, weak, and fatigued. Multiple myeloma can also cause the level of platelets in the blood to become low (called thrombocytopenia). This can lead to increased bleeding and bruising. Another condition that can develop is leukopenia – a shortage of normal white blood cells. This can lead to problems fighting infections.
Myeloma cells also interfere with cells that help keep the bones strong. Bones are constantly being remade to keep them strong. Two major kinds of bone cells normally work together to keep bones healthy and strong. The cells that lay down new bone are called osteoblasts. The cells that break down old bone are called osteoclasts. Myeloma cells make a substance that tells the osteoclasts to speed up dissolving the bone. Since the osteoblasts do not get a signal to put down new bone, old bone is broken down without new bone to replace it. This makes the bones weak and they break easily. Fractured bones are a major problem in people with myeloma. This increase in bone break-down can also raise calcium levels in the blood. (Problems caused by high calcium levels are discussed in the section “How is multiple myeloma diagnosed?”)
Abnormal plasma cells do not protect the body from infections. As mentioned before, normal plasma cells produce antibodies that attack germs. For example, if you developed pneumonia, normal plasma cells would produce antibodies aimed at the specific bacteria that were causing the illness. These antibodies help the body attack and kill the bacteria. In multiple myeloma, the myeloma cells crowd out the normal plasma cells, so that antibodies to fight the infection can’t be made. The antibody made by the myeloma cells does not help fight infections. That’s because the myeloma cells are just many copies of the same plasma cell – all making copies of the same exact (or monoclonal) antibody.
The antibody made by myeloma cells can harm the kidneys. This can lead to kidney damage and even kidney failure.
So glad you are feeling better.
ReplyDeleteJewell
Thank you Jewell, yes anything improvement is better than what I experienced in June, July, August!
DeleteSo glad you are feeling better.
ReplyDeleteJewell
Wonderful news!
ReplyDeleteYour strength and perseverance is an inspiration for me.
Thank you TCB, for letting me know my posts and thoughts matter :))
DeleteHi Julie!
ReplyDeleteGlad to hear things are looking up, hope they just keep getting better and better! How weird if being on elo changed your myeloma. I guess it's true that every treatment changes it! Warm cyberhugs to you...Bernadette
Hi Bernadette, yes the only thing I can attribute my horrendous pain, tumor reaction and fevers to is Elotuz. I was ok on Velcade, Cytoxan, Dex for a year and a half, and didn't have anything like I did in June, July, August 2020. I think MM patients with IGG or Light Chains do ok, but my IGA myeloma was just made worse by it... but I'll never know for "sure". Thank you for caring and commenting as you do xoxo
DeleteHi Julie -
ReplyDeleteI was diagnosed 9/2/19 with MM. I am +121 day from my SCT. I just wanted to let you know I have been "stalking" your page for quite sometime now. It has been UNBELIEVABLY helpful to me. I just wanted to let you know how much I appreciate your blog. It is just perfect. Great amount of information and your attitude is inspiring. Just wanted to let you know how much it's helped me. I hope you are feeling good today and having a good day.
Hi Amy, wow thank you so much for letting me know my posts are helpful to you! Congrats on your successful SCT. I will always remember mine in July 2010. Please let me know your story, and what type of MM you are, and what your next treatment step is and anything else you'd like to share. I'm so glad my posts were helpful and "inspiring" to you :)) Thank you for letting me know!
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